BK Precision 4011A Instruções de Operação descarregar pdf (Página 42)

Appendix A: Safety

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Appendix A

Safety

Electricity, when improperly used, is very dangerous to people and to equipment. This is espe-

cially true:

 in industrial environments, where large amounts of power are available, and high volt-

ages are present;

 in environments where people are especially susceptible to electric shock, for example,

where high-voltage systems must be maintained while in operation, or in hospitals where

electronic equipment is used to test or control physiological functions; and

 in experimental or teaching laboratory environments, where inexperienced personnel may

use electrical equipment in experimental or nonstandard configurations.

Engineers play a vital role in eliminating or alleviating the danger in all three environments.

Where standard equipment is used in standard configurations, governmental agencies and insur-

ance underwriters impose strict laws and regulations on the operation and use of electrical

equipment, including switchgear, power lines, safety devices, etc. As a result, corporations and

other organizations in turn impose strict rules and methods of operation on their employees and

contractors. Engineers who are involved in using electrical equipment, in supervising others who

use it, and in designing such systems, have a great responsibility to learn safety rules and prac-

tices, to observe them, and to see that a safe environment is maintained for those they supervise.

In any working environment there is always pressure to “get the job done” and take short cuts.

The engineer, as one who is capable of recognizing hazardous conditions, is in a responsible po-

sition both as an engineer and as a supervisor or manager and must maintain conditions to protect

personnel and avoid damage to equipment.

Because of their non-standard activities, experimental laboratories are exempt from many of

these rules and regulations. This puts more responsibility on the engineer in this environment to

know and enforce the safest working procedures.

The learning necessary to develop the knowledge, the habit-forming experience to work safely

around electrical equipment, and the ability to design safe electrical equipment begins with the

first student laboratory experience and continues throughout life. This includes learning the types

of electrical injuries and damage, the physiology of electrical injuries, ways to prevent such inju-

ries, and steps to take when accidents occur.

Physiology of Electrical Injuries

Four main types of electrical injuries include the following:

 electric shock;

 electrical burns;

 injuries resulting from falls caused by electric shock;

 “sunburned” eyes from looking at a bright electric arc, such as that of an arc-welder.

While this is very painful and may cause loss of work time, it is usually temporary.

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BK Precision 4011A Instruções de Operação Página 42